In the end, this led to the recipe that later was adapted to make Coca-Cola. The analytical and manufacturing laboratories of J. S. Pemberton and Company of Columbus were unique in the South. He was best known for being the inventor of Coca-Cola, which in his lifetime was used only for medical purposes. --1_John Stith Pemberton 1831-1888 | _____|6_Archer Worsham 1763-1823 . His forces consisted of fewer than 50,000 men under the command of Maj. Gens. With coca leaves imported from South America adding a particular twist what would otherwise be a mere soft drink, Pemberton sold the soda as a nerve tonic, mental aid, headache remedy and a cure for morphine addiction. When the smoke of the Civil War cleared and America busied itself with the duty of getting back to living, Pemberton partnered with Columbus physician Austin Walker and expanded his lab. We collect and match historical records that Ancestry users have contributed to their family trees to create each person's profile. In 1869 he became a principal partner in the firm of Pemberton, Wilson, Taylor and Company, which was based in Atlanta, where he moved in 1870. He began his new career as a lieutenant colonel of Virginia State troops, but within two months experienced an unexplainably meteoric rise to brigadier general. The Pemberton family was a close and supportive one. The Life Summary of John. He suffered from a sabre wound sustained in April 1865, during the Battle of Columbus. That wouldve arguably prevented him from inventing Coca-Cola, but also liberated him from the future troubles of having a substance abuse problem. According to the Coca-Cola Company, Pemberton developed the syrup for the famed beverage, which was sampled at the local Jacob's Pharmacy and deemed to be "excellent." The syrup was combined with carbonated water to create . Thirty-two days later, the leading elements of the Thirteenth Corps crossed the great river and landed unopposed at Bruinsburg. The Tragic History Of John Pemberton The Man Who Invented Coca-Cola. First-year sales of Coca-Cola topped off at $50. illegal drugs that doctors once prescribed. He graduated 27th of 50 cadets in the class of 1837. Pemberton was appointed a brevet major for his performance at Molino del Rey on September 8. Circumstances leading up to the crossing of Grant's army on April 30 May 1, 1863, and the subsequent battle of Port Gibson, demonstrate in Pemberton an absence of both perspective and intuition. Recently, a ground level plate was surreptitiously added noting the fact that he was a 'Confederate General Staff Officer'. In October 1862, he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general to command the Department of Mississippi and East Louisiana, a responsibility that proved to be beyond his capabilities. Historically, successful battlefield commanders possessed certain common characteristics. He and his family lived there for nearly 30 years, during which time he attended the Reform Medical College of Georgia in Macon, studying both medicine and pharmacy. His life is truly a winding narrative of impressive accomplishments, hash challenges, and woefully unfortunate events. Investor and Northern pharmacist Asa G. Candler was one of the main owners by this point, while Pemberton left his third of the pie for his son. Pemberton and the 4th Artillery served in garrison duty at Fort Columbus, New York, in 1838 and into 1839, and then at the Camp of Instruction located near Trenton, New Jersey, in 1839. Born on January 8, 1831, in Knoxville, in Crawford County, Pemberton grew up and attended the local schools in Rome, where his family lived for almost thirty years. On October 10, 1862, Pemberton was promoted to the rank of lieutenant general, and assigned to defend the fortress city of Vicksburg, Mississippi, and the Mississippi River, known as the Department of Mississippi and West Louisiana. They were the parents of at least 1 son. John Stith Pemberton was a Confederate veteran who was wounded in the Battle of Columbus, Georgia and an American druggist. Similarly, indecision and the complete loss of command and control over his army marked Pemberton's leadership before and during the Battle of Champion Hill. Beauregard, so he sent Pemberton west and assigned the more popular Beauregard to Charleston. He suffered from a sabre wound sustained in April 1865, during the Battle of Columbus; his ensuing morphine addiction led him to experiment with various painkillers and toxins. With the capitulation of Vicksburg, the South relinquished its hold on the final section of the Mississippi River under its control. Clifford Pemberton (USA) less, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Pemberton. All in all, an impressive increase from $50 worth, at the turn of the 20th century. John Pemberton married Elizabeth Evans and had 15 children. First commissioned a Lieutenant Colonel in the Confederate Army in April 1861, he was subsequently promoted to Brigadier General, PACS in June of that year. West Point policy allowed a cadet to seek tutoring in subjects in which he struggled. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. Centered on the secret ingredients of Coca-Cola, imagery related to Pemberton was used to make people more aware of Cokes history and mythology. Family Children John Stith Pemberton was the inventor of the Coca-Cola beverage. After the war he took up farming. Father of George Xavier Pemberton, Jr; William D Pemberton and James Pemberton The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. His son Charles continued to sell his father's formula, but six years later Charles Pemberton died, having succumbed to opium addiction. It is instructive to distinguish between John Pemberton's suitability as a staff officer and his abilities as a battlefield commander. A romantic by inclination, young John Pemberton exhibited an affinity for languages and art. 1691. We are direct importers manufacturing all the pharmaceutical and chemical preparations used in the arts and sciences, the company, J.S. Posted on October 22, 2011 by Lisa Pemberton. In 1894, Coke was sold in bottles for the first time. After the battle of Champion Hill on May 16, Confederate Surgeon John A. Leavy voiced the harshest criticism: Sentiments remained unchanged when the Southerners stacked their arms and relinquished Vicksburg. Converted into the state's first testing labs and staffed with Pemberton's hand-picked employees, these labs almost single-handedly eliminated the sale of fraudulent agricultural chemicals in the state and ensured successful prosecution of those who tried to sell them. Answer (1 of 2): Interestingly, "The Coca-Cola Company" that we all know was not founded by John Pemberton, or any of his family members. Thank you for visiting john pemberton family tree page. Promoted to Captain in 1850, he was part of the 1858 operations in Utah against the Mormons led by Albert Sidney Johnston. Pemberton also made many health claims for his product and marketed it as "delicious, refreshing, exhilarating, invigorating" and touted it as a "valuable brain tonic" that would cure headaches, relieve exhaustion and calm nerves. No, he died on 08/16/1888, 134 years ago. Nevertheless, on April 24, 1861, he resigned his commission and offered his services to the fledgling Confederacy, with whose ideas of duty and honor he sympathized. Pemberton then admitted that his coca and kola beverage was based on Vin Mariani, a French formula perfected by Mariani and Company of Paris, which since 1863 had been the world's only standard preparation of erythroxylon coca. Only years later was it actually bottled and canned for retail business. On April 15, Pemberton was satisfied that Grant's army was moving to reinforce Major General William Rosecrans. Posted as a 2nd Lieutenant in the 2nd United States Artillery, he fought in the Seminole Wars in Florida and in the Mexican War, where his service in Mexico saw him received brevets of Captain and Major, US Regular Army. In 2010 the Coca-Cola Company paid tribute to Pemberton as a key character within an advertising campaign called Secret Formula. "We are direct importers," the company claimed, "manufacturing all the pharmaceutical and chemical preparations used in the arts and sciences." Research genealogy for John Michael Pemberton of Saline County, Illinois, USA, as well as other members of the Pemberton family, on Ancestry. Home; Trees; . John Pemberton's army career began auspiciously, with an appointment to the artillery branch of the army. His parents were James C. Pemberton and Martha L. Gant. It would get mixed with water on the spot. Charles Pemberton eventually succumbed to his own morphine addiction and died. [13] He next began experimenting with coca and coca wines, eventually creating a recipe that contained extracts of kola nut and damiana, which he called Pemberton's French Wine Coca. [4][5][6], In April 1865, Pemberton sustained a saber wound to the chest during the Battle of Columbus. Geni requires JavaScript! His body was returned to Columbus, Georgia, where he was buried at Linwood Cemetery. After attending pharmacy school, Dr. Pemberton opened up his own drug store in Columbus, Georgia. Unfortunately his "peculiar liking for the life" proved a preference for the camaraderie, tradition, and social life of the military academy rather than a penchant for or commitment to academic discipline. i Conkling, v dary for an ole. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1837, placing 27th out of 50 (his classmates included future Union Generals John Sedgwick and Joseph Hooker, and future CSA Generals Jubal Early and Braxton Bragg). Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. He was vilified for his surrender, and was accused of disloyalty due to his Northern roots. To him, making a loss wasnt the end of the world, as the company had only just begun to create some exposure for itself. He died in 1748, in Virginia, British Colonial America, at the age of 30. Pemberton surrendered 2,166 officers and 27,230 men, 172 cannon, and almost 60,000 muskets and rifles to Grant. Pemberton was "the most noted physician Atlanta ever had," according to the Atlanta newspapers, but he is best known for his expertise in the laboratory, where he perfected the formula for Coca-Cola. Pemberton was diagnosed with stomach cancer, and started selling the company off piece by piece until he owned only a third of it. On the day of Pemberton's funeral, Atlanta druggists closed their stores and attended the services en masse as a tribute of respect. After his exchange he resigned his Lieutenant General commission, and was appointed as a Lieutenant Colonel of Artillery on the urging of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Brother of James Clifford Pemberton; Israel Pemberton; Anna Clifford Hollingsworth; Mary Pemberton; Rebecca Clifford Newbold and 6 others; Mary Pemberton; Henry Pemberton; Frances Pemberton; Sarah Pemberton; Lieut. During that period Pemberton gained valuable experience while in command of an ordnance depot. His first brigade command was in the Department of Norfolk, leading its 10th Brigade from June to November. After his surrender, Pemberton was exchanged as a prisoner on October 13, 1863, and he returned to Richmond. Life at West Point agreed with Cadet Pemberton as he frequently expressed in letters throughout his four-year residence. He then fought in Florida during hostilities against the Seminoles in 1849 and 1850. Username and password are case sensitive. For other people named John Pemberton, see, King, Monroe M. "John Stith Pemberton (18311888). Within the week, all of Pemberton's available cavalry was in motion in reaction to Grierson's raid, leaving no mounted force to scout the movement of Grant's infantry. Pemberton served in the Confederate army for almost the entire span of the Civil War . After early service as commander of the Military Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, he was promoted to Major General in January 1862, and to Lieutenant General in October 1862. Wikimedia CommonsJohn Pembertons home on Marietta Street in Columbus, Georgia. Lieutenant Pemberton was assigned to the Fourth Artillery regiment and saw combat with that unit during the Second Seminole War. Sick and desperate, he began selling rights to his formula to his business partners in Atlanta. Every purchase supports the mission. He achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel.[2]. Pemberton's business was just named "Coca-Cola Company". Pemberton differentiated his particular drink by adding extracts from other tropical plants, like the caffeine-containing kola nut from African trees and the Central American damiana shrub leaf which was rumored to contain aphrodisiac properties. Wikimedia CommonsA portrait of John Stith Pemberton from sometime before 1888. Pemberton was then appointed a major in the Confederate Army Artillery on June 15 and quickly promoted to brigadier general two days later. Pemberton, Charles: son of John Stith Pemberton. He studied medicine and pharmacy at the Reform Medical College of Georgia in Macon, and in 1850, at the age of nineteen, he was licensed to practice on Thomsonian or botanic principles (such practitioners relied heavily on herbal remedies and on purifying the body of toxins, and they were viewed with suspicion by the general public). Show your pride in battlefield preservation by shopping in our store. Join us July 13-16! He requested what amounted to private art lessons while demonstrating little interest or effort in more military matters. In 1885 a reporter from the Atlanta Journal approached the creator of French Wine Coca and asked him for a detailed analysis of the new drink. During the six months in which Grant operated against Vicksburg prior to the landing at Bruinsburg, Pemberton had numerous opportunities to become acquainted with his adversary's operational methods. Geni requires JavaScript! wife. He was 57 years old when he died. In his day Pemberton was a most respected member of the state's medical establishment, but his gift was for medical chemistry rather than regular medicine. Artillery Regiment on July 1, 1837. John's new single will be released January 27th 2023 - pre-save the single now! Two years later he became a trustee of the Atlanta Medical College (later Emory University School of Medicine) and established a business in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where his own brands of pharmaceuticals were manufactured on a large scale. The seemingly all-curing jack of all trades drink sold rather well, with Pemberton later admitting to an Atlanta newspaper reporter that he based it on an Italian-French beverage called Vin Mariani which was previously endorsed by Pope Leo XIII. He then fought well at the Battle of Monterrey in that fall, and was appointed a brevet captain "for Gallant Conduct in the several Conflicts at [Monterrey]" on September 23. With Pembertons widowed wife struggling financially, and his son Charles managing a troubling morphine addiction, the familys once-promising future had turned entirely bleak. Pemberton joined the army of the Confederacy in May 1862, and was made first lieutenant. This FREE annual event brings together educators from all over the world for sessions, lectures, and tours from leading experts. All That's Interesting is a Brooklyn-based digital publisher that seeks out stories that illuminate the past, present, and future. [2] His main talent was chemistry. Meanwhile, Union gunboats and transports passed the river batteries at Vicksburg en route to their rendezvous with the Thirteenth and Seventeenth Corps. At sunup the following day, a special train carried his body to Columbus, where a large group of friends, relatives, and admirers laid him to rest. Please try again. Brother of Archibald Pemberton and Martha L. Worsham. The idea was to develop new products and sell medical and photography supplies, and branch out into cosmetics. Historical Person Search Search Search Results Results John Pemberton (1846 - 1919) . Wikimedia CommonsJohn Stith Pemberton, the man who invented Coca-Cola. Civil War Confederate Lieutenant General. From 1845 to 1846, Pemberton and the 4th Artillery were part of the U.S. Military Occupation of Texas, and then the 4th was sent to Mexico at the start of the Mexican-American War. Almost immediately he began preparations for combined land and naval operations against Confederate-held Vicksburg. As his popularity began to grow, John played his music in church and at school talent shows. Read full biography Is John Pemberton still alive? There he spent some eight months without an assignment. Lieutenant General John Pemberton's career and life are defined by the events that culminated at Vicksburg, Mississippi on July 4, 1863. The challenge facing Pemberton was divining Grant's intention and identifying the true threat to Vicksburg. He announced that he would retire from active practice, sell his drugstores in Atlanta and elsewhere in the state, and devote all his time to promoting his beverages. While in the army, he fought in the Battle of Columbus. John Pemberton served in the American Civil War and was in the Third Cavalry Battalion of the Georgia State Guard. Although the name quite clearly refers to the two main ingredients, the controversy over its cocaine content would later prompt The Coca-Cola Company to state that the name was "meaningless but fanciful." [14][15], According to Coca-Cola historian Phil Mooney, Pemberton's world-famous soda was created in Columbus, Georgia and carried to Atlanta. In his day Pemberton was a most respected member of the state's medical establishment, but his gift was for medical chemistry rather than regular medicine. John Clifford Pemberton (August 10, 1814 - July 13, 1881) was a career United States Army officer who fought in the Seminole Wars and with distinction during the Mexican-American War. In May 1886, he developed an early version of a beverage that would later become Coca-Cola, but sold his rights to the drink shortly before his death. 1. Pemberton garnered his graduate degree in pharmacy a few years before the Civil War in the 1860s. He lived for a time in Virginia, but eventually returned to the state of his birth, where he died and was buried. In March 1888, after being in business for eight months as a copartner, he filed the petition for incorporation of the first Coca-Cola Company in the Fulton County Superior Court. Johns new single will be released January 27th 2023 - pre-save the single now. By contrast, his performance in tactics, artillery, math, and engineering was dismal. He participated with the 4th during the U.S. actions against the Seminole Indians, tribe of native americans in 1837 and 1838, fighting in Florida at the Battle of Locha-Hatchee on January 24, 1838. Though born in nearby Knoxville, Georgia, Pemberton, as a young child, moved with his family to the larger city of Columbus, Georgia. This field was rooted in organic, herbal remedies and intended to cleanse the patient of toxins. The 4th returned to garrison duty at New Orleans Barracks in Louisiana in 1850, and Pemberton was promoted to captain on September 16. notice, New York Herald. It would get mixed with water on the spot.