On the morning of January 22 the Isandlwana garrison had consisted of 1,700 men; now about 1,300 were dead. The reports after the battle state the bellies of dead British soldiers had been slit open but this was not as an act of mutilation but out of respect for the dead. what happened to lord chelmsford after isandlwanata petro employee handbook what happened to lord chelmsford after isandlwana. 31st December 1878 Sir Henry Frere grants an extension to the ultimatum. However, Frere soon realised that uniting the Boer republics, independent black states and British colonies could not be realised until the powerful Zulu kingdom on its borders had been defeated. It seemed too incredible that an entire Zulu army had in effect marched around the Britishuntil he got confirmation in the form of the Zulu left horn as it sped toward him in full attack mode. Isandlwana Mount was connected to a stony kopje (hill) by means of a nek or col. A rough trackthe road to Ulundipassed over this backbone of land at right angles. So what if there is a mismatch? The Zulu certainly were not cowed, and Russell and six of his men were speared. Chelmsford had a seizure and died while playing billiards at the United Service Club in London on 9 April 1905 in his 78th year. Those 1,500 to 2,000 Zulu confronting Dartnell might well be the tip of the iceberg, an indication that the main impi was somewhere around the Nkandla Hills. With only 150 British and colonial troops to defend the outpost, the protracted engagement lasts some 11 hours before the Zulus retreat. In similar fashion Colonel Rowlands was based at Luneberg in the Transvaal with No. Many of their fellow officers were amazed by these two additions. A number of officers and a journalist, Norris Newman, ventured into the camp anyway. Do not forget the late David Rattrays discussion in hos book. As High Commissioner for South Africa, Sir Henry decided to roll up his sleeves and bring order to the chaos by imposing confederation. What Was the Atlantic Wall and When Was It Built? The Zulu were not professional soldiers, but they became very adept at war. This misjudgement led to thousands of deaths - and an unsavoury, high-level cover-up - as Saul David explains. Well put at least someone has done there research and got the facts bang on. Its the same thing as stating that Hitler escaped his bunker because of possible written evidence to this fact. 4) was led by Col. H.E. But that means, on average, every British soldier only killed one Zulu. Hall 1978 quotes the London Standard reporting 473 counted dead and another 1000 or more wounded. " everyone understood that he would try and end the war before he was superseded that 'poor Lord Chelmsford' might get a chance, win a battle ". He sported a hat with a scarlet puggaree, which he humorously said made him look like a stage brigand.. 'We must not forget,' Disraeli told the House of Lords on 13 February, 'the exhibition of heroic valour by those who have been spared.'. At the Battle of Isandlwana Chelmsfords column is defeated and he retreats out of Zulu territory. Today memorials commemorating the fallen on both sides are visible at the site of the battlefield, beneath Isandlwana Hill. 5th April 1879 The central and right columns evacuate Eshowe. It was so pitch black soldiers were literally stumbling on the bodies of their dead comrades. 8 Ulundi, 4 July 1879 It was war not cricket, Now I am sorry for being late in this conversation. One warrior remembered, The shots didnt do us much damage. Commandant George Hamilton-Browne of the 1/3rd NNC went to his tent, only to find his servant dead, his two spare horses slaughteredthey were still tethered to a picket lineand his dog pinned to the ground by a Zulu spear. Queen Victoria, however, would not see the truth. He died in 1905, at the age of 78, playing billiards at his club. Fighting in the Fog: Who Won the Battle of Barnet? The true story of 22 January 1879 - the Empire's longest day - is one of unprovoked slaughter, of heroes being ignored and of the guilty being protected. One story that circulated widely in the horrific aftermath of the battle was that Lord Chelmsford's men, returning to the devastated camp on the night of the 22nd, had seen 'young drummer boys' of the 24th Regiment hung up on a butcher's scaffold and 'gutted like sheep'. It was said that the Zulu regiments, scenting victory, began stamping the ground and shouting Usuthu! (Cetshwayos royalist cry) before moving forward at a run. They are warrior race who conquered and occupied in the same way as every other empire. And the notion that some revolution might topple Cetshwayo from his throne was also to prove illusory. 11th December, 1878 The British send an ultimatum to Zulu King Cetshwayo. Denied their own leaders, ill-trained, buffeted and scorned, used as cannon fodder by contemptuous whites, the NNC could never live up to its potential. The situation was fluid, and somewhat confusing, because the Zulu that had been spotted divided into three groups, two of which suddenly disappeared. Sihayos homestead was finally taken by about 9 am on January 11. When the last round was fired the Zulu closed, and it was bayonet and clubbed rifle against stabbing spear. The shocking sight brought Lonsdale to his senses, and a single sweeping glance told him the camp had been taken by the Zulu. Anthony, if that make you go to sleep at night then thats okay, you can say it million times.. the bottom line is the Zulus were defending themselves from the ruthless British thieves! A and F Companies of the 24th were taken from in front and behind and slaughtered before they could even fix their bayonets. 29th March 1879 Chelmsford leads out the central column to relieve Eshowe. The Zulu empire met the British empire and only won this single battle they lost the War and dont you forget it. Lord Chelmsford massively underestimated how many men he would need to take into Cetshwayo's territory. The Dutch arrived in 1648 and settled first in 1652. Please stop with the racist judgemental rubbish and stick to military history. The British had taken South Africa in 1806; it had little intrinsic value at the time, but was considered an important port for the route to India. But the redcoat companies were starting to run out of ammunition; they had begun the action with 70 rounds each, but the firing was so rapid that their white ammunition pouches were almost empty. Martini-Henry rifles flamed, and with each crashing volley scores of Zulu fell dead and wounded. Defeat at Isandlwana. Re-enactment of the Battle of Isandlwana The women sit on one side of the hut and the men on the other. Only thereafter should the historian allow revisionist versions to add colour to the tapestry. The unit was commanded by Maj. Francis Russell, and used Hale rockets that carried an explosive charge of between nine and ten pounds. There was always the possibility that the blacks, once armed and trained, would use their weapons on the whites. Not knowing what to do or who to turn to, Cetshwayo was paralyzed with indecision. June 1879 Chelmsford quickly reorganises his forces, swelled by reinforcements from Britain, and advances again into Zululand. Yet a close reading of the evidence suggests that this incident was simply indicative of the confusion that inevitably prevailed in the camp; Bloomfields reserves were, in fact, earmarked to be sent out to Lord Chelmsford should he need them, and Bloomfield was showing no more than a proper respect for his orders. The donga was deep, so deep Durnfords men could even shelter their horses with perfect safety. Why? Nor were the boxes particularly difficult to open although reinforced by copper bands all round, access to the rounds was by means of a sliding panel in the lid held in place by a single screw. James Dalton died in 1887, a broken man. Imperialist racist shit. The story of Cecil Rhodes, empire builder and founder of the colonies of Southern and Northern Rhodesia. [1][2], In 1857, he was promoted to captain and lieutenant colonel, and transferred (1858), as a lieutenant colonel, to the 95th (Derbyshire) Regiment of Foot, serving with that regiment at the end of the Indian Rebellion, for which he was again mentioned in dispatches. The central column heads towards the camp of a Zulu chief called Sihayo. To judge people of 200 years ago against modern values is disingenuous. It was the decisive moment of the battle, because just at this time Durnfords men ran out of ammunition and were forced to abandon the donga . Although the Regiment had indeed established its depot at Brecon in 1873, its recruits continued to be drawn from across the United Kingdom, and only a small proportion were Welsh by 1879. The N/5th was equipped with six 7-pounder guns. Meanwhile, Chelmsford starts rebuilding his forces for a second offensive on Zululand. As they were trying to cross the Buffalo River, however, Coghill lost the Colour in the current. Besides his own native horsemen, Durnford had picked up a few odds and ends, including a vedette of Natal Carbineers. 3, or center column, was a strong one, composed of some 4,700 men, of whom 1,852 were Europeans. Although the British did not know it, Sihayo and most of his men were with the king, and so the homestead was not, in fact, heavily guarded. Both were posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross for their actions and their heroic tale reached mythic proportions back home, resulting in it being relayed in various paintings and artwork. One story that circulated widely in the horrific aftermath of the battle was that Lord Chelmsfords men, returning to the devastated camp on the night of the 22nd, had seen young drummer boys of the 24th Regiment hung up on a butchers scaffold and gutted like sheep. 8 companyhad taken to their heels. Of the 1200 killed at Isandlwana, over 2/3rds were blacks. The Rorke's Drift Men Author: James W Bancroft Publisher: The History Press ISBN: 0750980605 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 224 Get Book. The ultimatum was a legal faade to mask Freres aggression, but the High Commissioner felt the die was cast. On the contrary, he was determined to drive the Zulus into a corner and make them fight.. I think the most important aspect of the battle was the tragic heroism displayed by both sides. Altogether it was a mixed group of British regulars, colonial volunteers and native levies. A wagoner named Dubois remarked to Smith-Dorrien, The game is up. In the meantime, the British were entrenched in Cape Colony and Natal. Stab the pigs!). After this separate Zulu force had successfully outmanoeuvred the British, Pulleine and his men found themselves attacked on multiple sides. 2 column with orders to stay on the defensive near the Middle Drift of the Thukela River. His experiences fighting against the Xhosa created a low opinion of the fighting capabilities of African soldiers, which later led to disastrous consequences during the Anglo-Zulu War. Shaka had real military genius, and introduced such innovations as the short stabbing spear that revolutionized native warfare. The battle of Hlobane was a Zulu victory another successful ambush on a column and many battles before and after Isandlawana were Zulu victories, eventually the British won and burnt Ulundi, but the Zulus won many more battles other than just Isandlawana you just never hear about it. [13] He was the inaugural Governor and Commandant of the Church Lads' Brigade, a post he retained until his death. Around 60 Europeans survived the battle. Chelmsford read it shortly after 9.30am, and he returned it to his staff officer, Major Clery, without a word, and would not be deflected from his original plan. Three of the British columns alone needed 5,391 oxen and other draught animals, as well as 756 carts and wagons. At around 11am on 22 January a British Native Horse contingent discovered some 20,000 Zulus hidden in a valley within seven miles of the lightly-defended British camp. He had to be reported confidentially as hopeless.' Can I recommend to Phil and anyone else, BritishMuzzleloaders series on Isandlwana on youtube. When the British Empire declared war against the Kingdom of Zululand in January 1879, many believed the war was a foregone conclusion. His body was buried in Brompton Cemetery in London.[2]. Chelmsford's decision to split his force in half, and the Zulus' tactical exploitation of the terrain . I was Google-alerted to this discourse by Mels mention of my name, above. Savages Emma!! In Battles of Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift the British commander in chief, Lord Chelmsford, crossed the Buffao (Mzinyathi) River at Rorke's Drift, where it established a depot, and moved cautiously eastward into the Zulu kingdom. Therefore, I suggest you keep your ill judged remarks about the British being thieves to a lower level discussion. Durnford, who had been in South Africa since 1872, was one of the few whites who Chelmsford said no doubt poor Col. Durnford had disobeyed orders, in leaving the camp as he did Ld. At the time Britain controlled the largest empire the world had ever seen and they were facing an enemy trained in tactics very similar to those of an ancient Roman legion. An officer on Hamilton-Brownes staff, Captain Duncombe, replied, By orders of the Great White Queen. The exchange was the nearest the Zulu would ever get to a formal declaration of war. Was the Martini-Henry prone to jamming due to over heating? Earlier the colonel had sent Captain Cavayes A Company, 1/24th up to a spur of high ground on the Nquthu Plateau, and then sent Captain Mostyns F Company, 1/24th, in support. The British were in the opening stages of a campaign against the Zulu, the most powerful tribe in South Africa, and so far the search for its main impi (army) had been largely in vain. Chelsmfords own field regulation mandated laagers on campaign, but at Isandlwana the instructions were ignored. Lieutenant Colonel Henry Pulleine of the 24th Regiment was placed in charge of the camp at Isandlwana, with strict orders to defend the camp if attacked. It was a land grab. He was Adjutant-General, India from 1869 to 1874. There was some heavy skirmishing, and even an episode of hand-to-hand fighting as the Zulu of No. In the 1820s a dynamic king, Shaka kaSenzangakhona, put the Zulus on the road to greatness and power. Disraeli lost the 1880 election and died the following year. London has agreed to send seven regiments and two artillery batteries to support Chelmsfords campaign. He exchanged the colonelcy of the Derbyshires for that of the 2nd Life Guards (1900), and as such was Gold Stick in Waiting during ceremonial events at Court. Their timing was perfect, and the case whistled harmlessly over their heads. They were organised into regiments called Impis. Your email address will not be published. Who were the savages, those who forcibly subjugated other people, or those who were peacefully living in their own country and minding their own business? Arrival of Lord Chelmsford after the Battle of Isandlwana on 22nd January 1879 in the Zulu War: picture by Melton Pryor. Do you even have the audacity to compare the Zulus with the well trained and armed forces of Britain? [10], Lord Chelmsford became lieutenant general in 1882, Lieutenant of the Tower of London (1884 until 1889), colonel of the 4th (West London) Rifle Volunteer Corps (1887), full general (1888), and colonel of the Derbyshire Regiment (1889). Casualties at the Battle of Isandlwana: 52 British officers and 806 non-commissioned ranks were killed. why so many soldiers survived the trenches. Around 10:30 am Col. Anthony Durnfords supporting No. Colonel Anthony Durnford took charge of No. Tak Berkategori . what happened to lord chelmsford after isandlwana. The Boers in South Africa before the Zulus???? The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Albert Bencke attempted to compare the British last stand at Isandlwana to the Spartan last stand at Thermopylae. He always felt he owed his life to wearing a blue patrol jacket, not the red tunic. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so. She recorded the conversation in her journal: 'Ld. The Battle of Isandlwana, probably the worst defeat the British army ever suffered at the hands of a native foe, was over. Because blacks far outnumbered whites, many colonials feared arming blacks. Their ammunition was virtually exhausted, but they had had time to fix bayonets. His impis would drive the invaders from Zululand, but under no circumstances would they cross into Natal. Any member of the Isandlwana garrison, white or black, who had an opportunity to at least try to escape, did so. A British expeditionary force under the command of Chelmsford invaded the Zulu Kingdom, heading in three columns towards the Zulu capital, Ulundi. In a letter home, Smith-Dorrien admitted to his father that he afterwards secured a supply of ammunition and spent much of the battle distributing it to the front-line companies. He replied that he believed it to have been quite inevitable; that if we had not made war when we did, we should have been attacked and possibly overpowered.'. The official portrayal of this defeat in Britain thus attempted to glorify the disaster with tales of heroism and valour. He felt the wagons had to be free to keep a steady stream of supplies coming up from Rorkes Drift. NCOs barked the command Load-Present-Fire with clockwork regularity, Martini-Henrys spitting death with every disciplined volley. Chelmsford probably felt the Zulu campaign would be a near carbon copy of the Ninth Cape Frontier war. the zulu spent a lot of the four hours approaching and surrounding and then swarming the camp.the front was therefore vast and the red line thin and spaced out. [3][4][5], Afterwards, the British government, anxious to avoid the Zulus threatening Natal, issued orders for the hasty relief of Chelmsford of his command and for him to be replaced with Sir Garnet Wolseley. In truth, the real hero of Rorke's Drift was Commissary Dalton. that would have been some story today. Absolute rubbish, Zulu sacred lands my ar*e! Its funny how you will take written evidence over eye witnesses account of Quartermaster Bloomfields actions. Cinema Specialist . 15th July 1879 Sir Garnet Wolesley takes over from Lord Chelmsford. Please note that this is a military history forum and not a political one. Zulu warriors. 29th March 1879 Following the retreat at Hlobane, Colonel Wood sets up a defensive camp at Kambula with his remaining force of 2,000 men. The most factual book written that accounts the history and development of South Africa is by Cuan Elgin, called Bulala (Zulu for kill) to fully appreciate the military skills and the ruthlessness of the Zulu, it is a must read. As his men fired, Durnford walked all along the line, talking, laughing and encouraging their marksmanship with a hearty, Well done, my boys!. The Zulus learned the biggest lesson which was not to take on the Empire which comprehensively defeated the Zulu in every subsequent engagement (Rorkes drift 350 Zulus killed, 500 wounded for only 17 British killed and 15 wounded). This much is clear to me: viz. The British captured King Cetshwayo in August 1879, and the war, to all intents and purposes, was over. And because of this, people actually believe it, even though there were numerous eye witnesses who were present during his suicide. The allegation is fantasy; the lids of the Mark V and Mark VI ammunition boxes were secured by a single brass screw. British .450-caliber bullets scythed down warriors with grim impartiality, leaving survivors hugging the ground with mounting frustration. Albert Benckes poem, for example, highlighted the deaths of the soldiers stating. The main battle was over by about 1:30 in the afternoon, and the various last stands by 3:30. events, and resources. I am not a thief and neither is my country. Hundreds of history documentaries, ad free podcasts and subscriber rewards. A painting of Coghill and Melville attempting to save the Queens Colour of the 1st Battalion 24th Regiment. He organized a last stand on the nek, successfully blocking the Zulu left horn from completing the envelopment of the camp. That any escaped at all was due to the courageous stand of Durnford and his collection of NNH, colonial volunteers and a few men from the 24th. Indeed, Brian. Undeniably one of the most obscure and unusual wars in history, this is the story of how the killing of an escaped pig almost caused a war between the United States and Britain. The commandant himself was in the forefront, his No. Peter O'Toole portrayed Chelmsford in the film Zulu Dawn (1979), which depicted the events at the Battle of Isandlwana. The Zulus were masterful, courageous fighters. so you think this is a forum where you hide behind some rules you create to gloat about how your ancestors stole from and Massacred the ancestors of others? [1] The eldest succeeded as 3rd Baron Chelmsford and later became Viceroy of India and first Viscount Chelmsford. After all, European technologyfirearmswas the one edge that whites had over native Africans. At 8 am a cavalry vedette rode in with some surprising intelligence: A force of Zulu was spotted approaching the plateau moving northeast. Later, much of the disaster was blamed on the alleged fact that the ammunition boxes could not be opened fast enough, since their lids were tightly fastened by six to nine screws, and also some of the screws had rusted into the wood. Theres plenty of Keyboard worriers on here!!! By 20 January - hampered by minor skirmishes and poor tracks - Chelmsford's column had only advanced 11 miles to the rocky lower slopes of a distinctive, sphinx-like hill called Isandlwana. Total casualties of the Zulu wars were 1727 British killed and well over 6000 Zulus. And just when the ammunition crisis was at its peak, narrow-minded obsession with regulations made matters that much worse. There were lessons to be learned from this campaign against the amXhosa, but unfortunately Chelmsford probably drew the wrong conclusions. 12th March 1879 A Zulu force of 500 men attack a British supply convoy at the Battle of Intombe. The commander-in-chief was pleased, writing in a letter that I am in great hopes that the news of the storming of Sihayos stronghold and the capture of so many of his cattle may have a salutary effect in Zululand and either bring down a large force to attack us or else produce a revolution in the country.. the revenge and defeat of the zulus was always a foregone conclusion and not really great cause for celebration in the annals of british warfare.luckily for the uk the zulu did not want this forced on them war and did not pursue the beaten chelmsford into natal. They saw the bigger picture, since Great Britain was at the height of her power and had global responsibilities. 3rd April 1879 The siege at Eshow ends when Chelmsfords forces arrive. 8 company tested their mettle against their former comrades. Cetshwayos main impi, variously estimated at between 20,000 and 25,000 strong, would concentrate its efforts on the central column. The various red-coated companies formed up in front of the tents, but incoming reports did not seem to indicate an immediate threat to the camp. It is disingenuous to judge people of the Victorian age by modern standards. A Zulu impi kills Louis Napoleon, the heir to the French throne. 1), under the command of Col. C.K. Artillery support was provided by Maj. Stuart Smith RA (Royal Artillery) and two 7-pounder guns of N/5 battery. I believe you are mistakenread up on the history properly. He was mentioned in dispatches and received the fifth class of the Turkish Order of the Medjidie and the British, Turkish and Sardinian Crimean medals. He was somewhat obese; he may not have looked like a warrior, but he was a trusted adviser to the king and a man with considerable military experience. Lord Lytton, the Viceroy of India, was about to invade Afghanistan without reference to London. Historical Trips - Book your next historical adventure, 6 Secret Historic Gardens in the United Kingdom, Join Dan Snow for the Anniversary of the D-Day Landings, War of The Worlds: The Most Infamous Radio Broadcast in History, The King Revealed: 10 Fascinating Facts About Elvis Presley, 10 Facts About American Poet Robert Frost, 12 Facts About the Battle of Rorkes Drift. Many generals blunder in war, but few go to such lengths to avoid responsibility. In the final pages of Lord of the Flies, Ralph runs through the jungle fleeing both Jack and his pack of savage boys and the fire Jack set on the mountain. Just before Durnford reached the donga near the camp, the Zulu had scored their first local success by overrunning a rocket battery that had accompanied him. They paid the price. Hamilton-Brownes memoirs are filled with contemptuous references to the natives under him, and at one point he even labels them these cowards. Yet how could their morale not be low? Chelmsford he had been blamed by many, and even by the Government, for commencing the war without sufficient cause. Nonsense there was six battalions of the 24th five of the 1st & 1 of the second along with the carabiners and artillery and some light horse. Pulleine also sent his two guns forward to a low rise about six hundred yards in front of the camp. Lieutenant Smith-Dorrien gathered up the flotsam and jetsam of the campstragglers, officers servants and the likeand organized them into a party to retrieve ammunition. He too wanted to laager , but was overruled by Lord Chelmsford. The African tribal troops of his own NNC were notoriously inept at handling rifles, and someones gun had gone off by mistake. They were basically marking time, waiting for an auspicious time to attack. So great were the distances involved, and so slow the methods of communication, that British governors often took it upon themselves to start wars and annex provinces. 'If I am called . He had however requested a posting overseas in order to benefit from the cheaper cost of living. Home; Services; New Patient Center. Drummers were seldom Boys among their other duties was administering floggings as punishment and of 12 Drummers killed at Isandlwana, the youngest was 18 and the oldest in his 30s. When Chelsmford was awakened at about 1:30 in the morning with a second message from Dartnell, he decided to act. He therefore divided his central column (that consisted of over 4,000 men) in two, leading the majority of his army towards where he believed he would find the main Zulu army: at Ulundi. Chelmsford divided his forces into five columns, three offensive and two defensive. NNC units on the right also began to fall back, and soon the entire defensive line was in shambles. The Boer Transvaal Republic became bankrupt, so insolvent it was annexed by Britain in 1877. History Hit brings you the stories that shaped the world through our award winning podcast network and an online history channel. The force was attacked by a Zulu force at Isandlwana, during which the Zulus overran and destroyed the central column of Chelmsford's separated forces. The following day Pearson is relieved in Eshowe after a two-month siege. One warlike empire defeated by another warlike empire. For one thing, the wagons were all clustered in a park, not arranged in a defensive laager . Because Chelmsford told Durnford to support Isandlwana but not expressly take command, the latter felt he could act independently. Above all, the demand that Cetshwayo disband his army struck at the very heart of Zulu society. Yet the small-scale Sihayo skirmish was to loom large in light of subsequent events. Famous for the bloody battles of Isandlwana and Rorkes Drift, the Anglo-Zulu War of 1879 saw over 15,000 British troops invade the independent nation of Zululand in present-day South Africa. He spoke darkly of Cetshwayos faithless and cruel character and atrocious barbarity, even though he had never met the king and most of the stories were hearsay. We will send you the latest TV programmes, podcast episodes and articles, as well as exclusive offers from our shop and carefully selected partners. It was a decision that for the redcoats was too little and too late. And their names were as exotic as their dress; No. Mphiwa lays the iwisa and the ikwla gently against the curve of the wall. Much of the misunderstanding stemmed from cultural, not political, differences. But other officers were troubled, not pleased, by the camps location. In 1844, after unsuccessfully trying to obtain a place in the Grenadier Guards, he purchased a commission in the Rifle Brigade. In his South African journal, British commander Garnet Wolseleystated, I dont like the idea of officers escaping on horseback when their men on foot are being killed.. He had, however, 'after great difficulty carried the day'. History is subject to the filter of human memory and passion , so is very unlikely to hold 100% TRUTH for any person or groups vantage point. 8 was Hamilton-Brownes pride and joy; he considered them his best men, and with good reason. the British contingent was about 4 companies of 24th. By the end of the day, hundreds of British redcoats lay dead on the slope of Isandlwana Cetshwayo having ordered his warriors to show them no mercy. No, in Freres view the massive Zulu military threat was a cancer that had to be excised from the South African body politic, and the sooner the better. Lord Chelmsford invaded Zululand with a British army on 11 January Lord Chelmsford. Yet things soon went terribly wrong. Faced with a demoralized command, Chelmsford ordered that the camp proper was to be off-limits. And if time was pressing, the panel could be smashed out by a sharp blow to the edge with a tent-mallet or rifle butt over the years, a number of screws bent by such rough treatment have been found on the battlefield. The Zulus had outmanoeuvred Chelmsford and their victory at Isandlwana was complete and forced the main British force to retreat out of Zululand until a far larger British Army could be shipped to South . Talking shite mate. Shamed, the uKhandempemvu and umMxhapo rose and renewed the assault.