Instead, they engage in religious acts that assume a vast array of gods and spirits and that also assume the efficacy of these beings in intervening in this world. Shortly after al-Qaida terrorists attacked the Twin Towers and the Pentagon, many Muslims, as well as other Arab . In recent years, the number of American Muslims has been growing steadily, by around 100,000 annually. Jay Diamond, Larry. H. Patrick Glenn, Legal Traditions of the World. Hibatullah Akhundzada praised his movement's advance in every corner of the country and celebrated the historic seizure of Kabul in August 2021 as one more. Columbia University - School of International and Public Affairs, "Hindu Religion Information Data and Statistics | PEW-GRF", "Projected Changes in the Global Hindu Population", "By 2050, India to have world's largest populations of Hindus and Muslims", "Indian Census and Muslim population growth", "Fueled by immigration, Hinduism becomes fourth-largest faith in US", 2011 Census reveals Hinduism as the fastest growing religion in Australia, "Immigrants Change Australia's Cultural Identity", "3.6 Billion: World's Muslim Population Doubles", "Islam set to become world's largest religion by 2075, study suggests", "Religion and Living Arrangements Around the World", "The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Related Factors: Conversion", The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050/, "Muslim birth rate falls, slower population growth", "Converting to Islam: British women on prayer, peace and prejudice", "Converting to Islam - the white Britons becoming Muslims", "Fast-growing Islam winning converts in Western world", "Muslim Converts Face Discrimination (Published 2005)", "The Mosque in America: A National Portrait", "Conversion To Islam One Result Of Post-9/11 Curiosity", "More in France Are Turning to Islam, Challenging a Nation's Idea of Itself (Published 2013)", "Muslims outnumber Catholics, Vatican says", "Muslims more numerous than Catholics: Vatican", "Vatican: Islam Surpasses Roman Catholicism as World's Largest Religion | Europe News", "Relax Sangh Parivar, there is no evidence of a Muslim population bomb", "David Ignatius: A demographic shift in the Muslim world", "Projected Cumulative Change Due to Religious Switching, 20102050, p.11", Long-Term Projections of Christian and Muslim Shares of World's Population, "Muslims Projected to Outnumber Christians by 2100", "Do Muslims Have More Children Than Other Women in Western Europe? 2. "[302] People switching their religions will likely have no effect on the growth of the Muslim population,[6] as the number of people who convert to Islam is roughly similar to those who leave Islam. The WRD is edited by demographers Todd M. Johnson[520] and Brian J. By 2011, the number of Muslims had grown to 2.75 million (including 1.8 million adults). [386] Hugh Kennedy has also discussed the Jizyah issue and stated that Muslim governments discouraged conversion but were unable to prevent it. [493] It served as the state religion of the ancient Iranian empires for more than a millennium, from around 600 BCE to 650 CE, but declined from the 7th century onwards following the Muslim conquest of Persia of 633654. Muslim women's low educational attainment is a likely factor; demographers find that higher educational attainment among women is tied to lower fertility rates". In this . [388], According to the Pew Research Center published on 2010, religious conversion may have little impact on the Jewish population between 2010 and 2050; Jews are expected to lose 0.3 million adherents, between 2010 and 2050. Since the year 2000, the Israeli Druze community has witnessed a significant decrease in fertility-rate and a significant increase in life expectancy. [43] Moreover, Chinese religion has also spread throughout the world following the emigration of Chinese populations, with 672,000 adherents in Canada as of 2010. [101] The main growth areas have been Asia and Africa, 39% and 32%, respectively, since 2000. [38], According to a survey of religion in China in the year 2010, the number of people practicing some form of Chinese folk religion is near to 950 million (70% of the Chinese),[39] of which 173 million (13%) practice some form of Taoist-defined folk faith. [272][273] Even though the faith originally developed out of Ismaili Islam, Druze does not identify as a branch of Islam. [327] While both religions will grow but Muslim population will exceed the Christian population and by 2100, Muslim population (35%) will be 1% more than the Christian population (34%). Changement de prnom et stratgies identitaires, entre culture d'origine et migration [Shklzen or Giannis? [61] According to scholar Keith Smith of Georgia State University "many scholars claim that Pentecostalism is the fastest growing religious phenomenon in human history",[15] and according to scholar Peter L. Berger of Boston University "the spread of Pentecostal Christianity may be the fastest growing movement in the history of religion". [124][a] Countries with the largest numbers of Muslims converted to Christianity according to this study include Indonesia (6,500,000),[125] Nigeria (600,000),[125] Iran (500,000 versus only 500 in 1979),[125] the United States (450,000),[126] Ethiopia (400,000) and Algeria (380,000). The Sensitive Stuff [298] According to the same study "globally, Muslims have the highest fertility rate, an average of 3.1 children per woman well above replacement level (2.1)", and "in all major regions where there is a sizable Muslim population, Muslim fertility exceeds non-Muslim fertility". [38] As for religious conversion, the religiously unaffiliated is expected to have the largest net gains through religious conversion between 2010 and 2050, notably on Europe and Americas. [293], Generally, the term "conversion" is not applicable to Hindu traditions. It is due to the fall of the fertility rate in many Muslim majority countries. [360] In North America, it will grow 1% to 2%. Toleransi yang mengundang murka Allah When asked where they think tensions between the Muslim and Western worlds originate, answers vary. [26], Sikhism was founded by Guru Nanak in the 15th century. [52], Europe was the home for the world's largest Christian population for the past 1,000 years, since 2015 Christians in Africa and Latin America respectively surpass Europe Christian population because of the high fertility rate there. But what does Hajj constitute and why is it so. [398], There is also a trend of Orthodox movements reaching out to secular Jews in order to give them a stronger Jewish identity so there is less chance of intermarriage. : New Dynamics of Religious Expansion in a Globalizing World, Think religion is in decline? [73] According to scholar Barry John Tolmay of University of Pretoria there are increasing signs of a Christian revival in Romania, Slovakia and Bulgaria. [330], While the total Fertility Rate of Muslims in North America is 2.7 children per woman in the 2010 to 2015 period, well above the regional average (2.0) and the replacement level (2.1). [399] Additionally, there is also a growing rate of conversion to Jews by Choice of gentiles who make the decision to head in the direction of becoming Jews. A total of 144 persons adopted Islam. The story we normally hear is of an Islam growing from strength to strength, and how for all the phobia that exists around it, it remains the fastest growing religion with 1.6 billion followers across the world and acquiring new converts on an almost daily basis. Still, based on our own survey and demographic research, as well as outside sources, Pew Research Center estimates that there wereabout 3.45 million Muslims of all ages living in the U.S. in 2017, and that Muslims madeup about 1.1% of the total U.S. population. The birth rate is expected to be the main factor in the growth of Christianity. Since 2010, the rate of increase was of 0.3% in the Americas and Europe. The Parsis will then cease to be called a community and will be labeled a 'tribe'. This has only been achieved in rare cases, and then only for particular countries, such as the American Religious Identification Survey[451] in the United States, or census data from Australia (which has included a voluntary religious question since 1911). The absolute number of Muslims is also expected to increase in regions with smaller Muslim populations such as Europe and North America,[360] due to young age & relatively high fertility rate. Ever year, 6 million Muslims convert to Christianity. [490] Wicca, which is largely a "Pagan" religion primarily attracts followers of nature-based religions in, as an example, the Southeast Valley region of the Phoenix, Arizona metropolitan area. The paper concludes that the Pentecostalism movement is the fastest-growing religion worldwide. The Taliban's armed uprising against . [362][368][369][370] According to some scholars, the Jizya (poll tax) was the most important factor in the mass conversion to Islam, the tax paid by all non-Muslims (Dhimmis which translated means "protected persons") in Islamic empires[371][372][373][374] While other scholars oppose this belief, because the jizya was not of great value, and those who could not pay it were exempt from it. Christianity is expected to lose a net of 66 million adherents mostly to religiously unaffiliated, while religiously unaffiliated are expected to gain 61 million adherents. [60] According to various scholars and sources Pentecostalism a Protestant Christian movement is the fastest growing religion in the world,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] this growth is primarily due to religious conversion. [391], Orthodox and Conservative Judaism discourage proselytism to non-Jews,[392] but many Jewish groups have tried to reach out to the assimilated Jewish communities of the Diaspora in order for them to reconnect to their Jewish roots. ", "A PORTRAIT OF JEWISH AMERICANS: Chapter 1: Population Estimates", "American-Jewish Population Rises to 6.8 Million", Arena Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia, "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census", "The Perilous Path from Muslim to Christian", "GOD IN THE "LAND OF THE MERCEDES" THE RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES IN ALBANIA SINCE 1990", "Better than Muslims, Not as Good as Greeks: Emigration as Experienced and Imagined by the Albanian Christians of Lunxhri", "Albanian Immigrants in the Greek City: Spatial 'Invisibility' and Identity Management as a Strategy of Adaptation", "Kabylia: Christian Churches Closed by Algerian Authorities", "Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada", "U.S. Report on Religious Freedom in Middle East", "The Catholic and Protestant churches are working together to draw up guidelines for conversions", "European churches say growing flock of Muslim refugees are converting", "The treatment of Christians in Bangladesh", "Country Policy and Information Note - Bangladesh: Religious minorities and atheists", "Urban culture, religious conversion, and crossing ethnic fluidity among the Bulgarian Muslims ("Pomaks")", "Islam in Denmark an historical overview", "Why Are So Many Muslim Refugees in Europe Suddenly Finding Jesus? [515], Statistics on religious adherence are difficult to gather and often contradictory; statistics for the change of religious adherence are even more so, requiring multiple surveys separated by many years using the same data gathering rules. While a quarter of Muslims are switching out of Islam, most are not becoming Christians. New Delhi: "I have hated Muslims most of my life and today I proudly call myself one," says Siddharth, who assumed the name Shadab when he converted to Islam in 2012. : Demography and Politics in the Twenty-First Century, I argue that 97% of the world's population growth is taking place in the developing world, where 95% of people are religious. One striking difference between former Muslims and those who have always been Muslim is in the share who hail from Iran. ", "Losing their religion: the hidden crisis of faith among Britain's young Muslims", "Losing Their Religion: When Muslim Immigrants Leave Islam", "Iranians have lost their faith according to survey", " ", "5 facts about the Muslim population in Europe", "The Future of the Global Muslim Population - Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life", World Muslim population doubling, report projects, Fewer differences between foreign-born and Swedish born childbearing women. Reaching Iranians online Iran's census claims that 99.5% of the population are Muslim, a figure that hides the state's active hostility toward irreligiosity, conversion and unrecognised religious. [297] According to the BBC, a comprehensive American study concluded in 2009 that the number of Muslims worldwide stood at about 23% of the world's population with 60% of the world's Muslims living in Asia. [282] According to Pew Research Center 99% of Hindus lived in the Indo-Pacific region in 2010. A quarter cited issues with religion and faith in general, saying that they dislike organized religion (12%), that they do not believe in God (8%), or that they are just not religious (5%). Researchers polled mosques in London to try to calculate how many conversions take place a year. [248] According to scholar Wang Zuoa, 500,000 Chinese converts to Protestantism annually. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Size & Demographic Characteristics of Religious Groups, Muslims are a growing presence in U.S., but still face negative views from the public, Republicans account for a small but steady share of U.S. Muslims, The share of Americans who leave Islam is offset by those who become Muslim, New estimates show U.S. Muslim population continues to grow, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, Gender pay gap in U.S. hasnt changed much in two decades. [38] in 2018 a new data from the Gordon Theological Seminary shows that, for the first time ever, more number of Christians live in Africa than on any other single continent:[58] "The results show Africa on top with 631 million Christian residents, Latin America in 2nd place with 601 million Christians, and Europe in 3rd place with 571 million Christians". Those who have left Islam are more likely to be immigrants from Iran (22%) than those who have not switched faiths (8%). [263] It's been also reported that conversion into Christianity is significantly increasing among Korean,[264] Chinese,[265] and Japanese in the United States. [383] [307] According to an earlier 2001 census, surveys found that there was an increase of 60,000 conversions to Islam in the United Kingdom. Religious conversions havent had a large impact on the size of the U.S. Muslim population, largely because about as many Americans convert to Islam as leave the faith. [460], According to Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life, by 2050 unaffiliated or nonreligious are expected to account for 27% of North America total population (up from 17.1% as in 2010), and 23% of Europe total population (up from 18% as in 2010). It stated that, "Islam has overtaken Roman Catholicism as the biggest single religious denomination in the world",[315][316] and stated that, "It is true that while Muslim families, as is well known, continue to make a lot of children, Christian ones on the contrary tend to have fewer and fewer". [252] According to a 2021 study by the Pew Research Center, Christianity in India gained an increase from conversion, most of the Christian converts in India are former Hindus. [285][286] According to a 2017 Pew Research Center survey, between 2010 and 2015 "an estimated 109 million babies were born to Hindu mothers and roughly 42 million Hindus died, meaning that the natural increase in the Hindus population i.e., the number of births minus the number of deaths was 67 million over this period". Although such attitudes have a long history in Europe, the idea that Muslims are 'the enemy' has become more widespread over the last 30 years. Though exact numbers are difficult to tally, observers estimate that as many as 20,000 Americans convert to Islam annually. Like Americans in many other religious groups, a substantial share of adults who were raised Muslim no longer identify as members of the faith. Lesser populations are found in North America (7.6%) and the Middle East/North Africa (6.2%), while the smallest populations in Europe (2.0%), Australasia (1.6%), and Northeast Asia (0.9%). [227] Large increases in the developing world (around 23,000 per day) have been accompanied by substantial declines in the developed world, mainly in Western Europe and North America. About a quarter say they preferred the beliefs or teachings of Islam to those of their prior religion, while 21% say they read religious texts or studied Islam before making the decision to switch. [433][434][435][436] Meanwhile in other times or places the religion has experienced surges in growth. The Muslim population in the Asia-Pacific region is expected to reach nearly 1.5billion by 2050, up from roughly 1billion in 2010. [488][489] Mary Jones says Wicca is one of the fastest-growing religions in the United States as well. To many Muslims, it may be the word of God, but in thinking this, they deny the fact that faith is a lived experience and the faith that they follow has been shaped by human lives who have gone before. The share of the global unaffiliated population living in Europe is projected to grow from 12% in 2010 to 13% in 2050. [338], By 2010 an estimated 44 million Muslims were living in Europe (6%), up from 4.1% in 1990. [52] In 2010, 26% of the world's Christians lived in Europe, followed by 24.4% in Latin America and the Caribbean, 23.8% in Sub-Saharan Africa, 13.2% in Asia and the Pacific, 12.3% in North America, and 1% in the Middle East and North Africa. The demographic disparity between the religious, growing global South and the aging, secular global North will peak around 2050. [50] According to the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Christianity (1.38%) is one of the six fastest-growing religions in the world, with high birth rates and conversions in the global South were being cited as the major reasons of the Christian population growth. [47][48] Christianity is reportedly the fastest growing religion in China with an average annual rate of 7% as of 2015. Singapore, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Indonesia, and Malaysia are said to have the fastest-growing Christian communities and the majority of the new believers are "upwardly mobile, urban, middle-class Chinese". The goal is to secure virginal brides rather than to seek new converts to Islam. The UN concluded that in the first eight months of 2014, at least 9,347 civilians had been killed and at least 17,386 wounded. ), According to Pew Research Center survey in 2012, religiously unaffiliated (include agnostic and atheist) make up about 18.2% of Europe's population,[450] and they make up the majority of the population in only two European countries: Czech Republic (76%) and Estonia (60%). [270] About 26.3% of the Israeli Druze population are under 14 years old and about 6.1% of the Israeli Druze are 65 years and over. In the aftermath of the Cold War, one could say that Europe needed a new archetypal enemy, and research shows that Muslim immigrants gradually took on that status.