Acne, due to skin inflammation, can find treatment due to the potato. Is rubbing raw potatoes on the face good? 04 /12 Prevents ageing. Yet when you consider using the potato in the skincare regimen. Now, if you have pigmentation and acne, apply it gently. Massage your face in a circular motion all over your face. The next morning you wake up just rinse off your face. Like us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/Beauty-Recipes-1516253298392906/follow us on Instagram https://www.instagram.com/beauty.recipes.icecubes/Welcome. For oily skin, potatoes can give magical benefits. Next, apply the raw potato slice using a circular massage over your entire face. Dr. Harish has 14 years of experience in the field of dermatology. Besides, the minerals also help in tightening the skins pores. Its antibacterial property is a truly potent beauty agent. Besides nutrients like calcium, potassium, Vitamin B and C, copper, Phosphorus, iron can make sure that it is nutrient-dense. The potato paradox is a mathematical calculation that has a counter-intuitive result. Potato is good enough in the form of a natural exfoliator for the skin. Apply the mixture to the face and let it dry. For potato juice, peel the potato, grate it and then squeeze out the juice. Follow up with a toner and moisturizer. Potatoes have built a good reputation in terms of the range of the skin benefits that it presents. Besides, the anti-inflammatory effects of the potato skin extract have been known to be beneficial. When used regularly, it can help in lightening the skin tone. You don't dry the potato well. Place the gauze and grated potato over the infected skin area and cover with a cloth bandage to hold into place. This dip tastes just like mashed potatoes topped with crispy bacon, garlic, Cheddar and scallions. Potatoes are fat-free root vegetables that can be good sources of: While they also contain fiber one medium potato contains about 2.5 grams worth potatoes are considered starchy foods that ought to be consumed in moderation. Using a Toner Will Totally Change Your Skin. Grind the dried potato peel and use it with honey as a face pack. Cobalamin 0%. Mix chilled potato juice with different natural ingredients for overnight potato juice masks. You can apply it to the skin for a minimum of 20 seconds. Some proponents usually claim potatoes ensure lightening the skin, dark spots, freckles, sunspots, and melasma. How Does Potato Work for Dark Spots? Overview of Purpuric Rash, a Symptom of Some Conditions, Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI, How to Get Rid of Dark Circles Permanently, Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT. Well, using this face pack every twice or thrice a week will control the excess oil and give you clear and perfect skin. Also, their acidic properties open up the clogged pores. Use a cotton pad to apply the mask to . From the Mediterranean coast to the Pyrenees Read More, If a special person in your life has recently announced a wedding engagement, youre probably Read More, Every few years, a new device, technique, or trend takes over the health and wellness Read More, Natural ways to get rid of acne overnight, Step By Step Skin Care Routine For Oily Skin, 10 Epsom Salt Uses and Benefits For Health and Beauty, How to Moisturize Dry Hair: 9 Top Home Remedies, How To Get Rid Of Pimples (Acne) Overnight At Home. As a mask overnight, the remedy ensures the reduction of the dark spots. This is the overnight face pack that can give glowing skin. That said, it can ensure the protection of melanin production while also reducing hyperpigmentation. Does Calamine Lotion Treat and Help Prevent Acne? Diagnosis and natural course of allergy to cooked potatoes in children. This was also linked to patatin.Other possible food triggers to latex allergy include carrots, tomatoes, apples, and bananas. She graduated from the University of Calcutta, West Beng more. Potato cubes. It can help you achieve glowing and clear skin. Contains antioxidants that protect your skin from environmental damage caused by pollution and exposure to the sun. of Potato juice and 2 tbsp. Some people are also vulnerable to breathing difficulties. It can be caused by conditions that range from mild, Learn all about dark circles under your eyes. I am here to suggest to you the steps to make a better potato mash. The potato ensures the removal of the scars. For the overnight face mask recipe, mix the potato juice with the tomato juice. Wild turmeric is also good enough for the removal of any kind of marks. Chunks of well-seasoned, fork-tender potatoes tossed with some crunchy veggies and a touch of mayo or perhaps a nice vinaigrette it's a warm-weather staple. Now you will have to put off the flame and leave the mixture for cooling down for a certain time. Yes. However, there is no evidence supporting this statement. Pumpkin seed oil is packed with beneficial components for skin. Potato And Lemon Juice For Dark Circles: Lemon helps eliminate the dark circles under your eyes by acting as a natural bleaching agent ( 7 ). Potato face packs are known for their skin-lightening properties and for effectively reducing the signs of aging. Start scrubbing the face with gentle hands for about 30 seconds in a circular motion. Always dilute lemon juice before using, to avoid any skin irritation. Mix all the ingredients to form the right consistency. Potato juice on face overnightcan show an impressive range of health benefits and skin benefits. Method 1: Potato Slices. Now you can use it in the form of the daytime regime and or an overnight pack. Apply it evenly on your face, focusing on the affected area. We avoid using tertiary references. Take the mixture, apply it all over the face. 1 teaspoon of raw honey. Leave it overnight. Green tea contains antioxidants, which help remove dark spots quickly and improve skin tone. swelling. Mix all these ingredients before you are going to bed every night. Turmeric has antibacteriali XAny substance that helps kill or stop the growth of disease-causing bacteria. In these so-called remedies, raw pieces of potato are blended with other acidic ingredients like yogurt and lemon juice to create a lightening face mask. Several pastes and skin solutions have already come up. He did his MD (DVL) from Osmania Medical College in 2007. You can get the long-term benefits. Strawberry is a fruit that tastes good and is also good for the skin. But its worth considering the solutions rather than just rubbing raw potatoes on the skin. Adding the 1 tbsp extra virgin coconut oil can give magical benefits. Using it can make sure that you can get good results without worrying about the side impact. He worked as a consultant for Kaya Skin Clinic and also as a principal Investigator for 4Front Research. Apply it on the face and leave it overnight. With it, you can also keep away the acne marks and breakouts in control. Apply it to the face and leave it overnight. Keep in mind that unpeeled potatoes should not be soaked as the skin will . Some studies have shown an increased risk of cooked potato allergy if you have pollen allergies, too. Just add 1 tbsp water to juice and add one teaspoon of honey. It is often used as a natural food color. Include these homemade masks in your skin care regimen to reap their awesome skin care benefits and make your skin glow! Leave it on for 15 minutes or until it dries. Target your T-zone area. One 2013 study on mice found that theres possible anti-inflammatory effects of potato skin extracts. First, you will need a potato. and antioxidants which protect the skin from the harsh effects of UV rays ( 13). physical exfoliation with a pumice stone and foot file will remove the softened dead scale built-up on your feet. Method: Take those fresh papaya cubes and grind them or squeeze them into a smooth paste. Is Vegetable Oil Good for Your Skin? Cut the lemon and squeeze the juice into a small bowl. Raw potato sensitivities also have a close link with latex allergies in adults. According to this article, potatoes can actually help lower blood pressure, improve brain function and nervous system health, reduce inflammation and aid in digestion, among other things. Apart from these, potato juice also treats skin inflammation and various skin infections, including eczema and psoriasis. Take the grated potato. The combination is well known for the eradication of dark patches. So, lets discuss it one by one. Use two or three spoonfuls of plain white rice. People use potatoes for diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure . 2. To each of the cups add 100 mL of distilled water. Lemon juice and potato juice have skin lightening properties. Moisten your face before applying the mixture and leave it on for 10-15 minutes before washing it off. It takes over a span of 15 or 20 minutes for the mixture to cook completely. The anti-aging products are loaded with the vitamins and minerals like vitamin A. Grate a potato or just blend it to extract . They also reduce inflammation and under-eye puffiness. And, heres a secret: its pretty easy to include potato in your daily skin care routine. It feels really bad to deal with oily skin. It can also reduce the chance of acne breakouts. For preparing it, you will have to take one1 teaspoon of grated potato. Besides, there is also potassium, Phosphorus, magnesium, and Zinc in potato. What are the top places to be visited on a city tour in Chennai? So, try these homemade potato juice mask recipes for an overnight application that will help you get soft, supple, and bright skin. To it, also add Honey. Potato is a plant. After overnight application, wash off the mask with cold water. The next morning you wake up the students of your face with the plain water. recipe:-extract some potato juice. Using a circular motion, clean your face thoroughly. Drop a tissue tablet and let it soak the juice. Last medically reviewed on November 18, 2019. The condition worsens with life-threatening conditions like anaphylaxis. The natural bleaching agent can also ensure the reduction of pigmentation and skin discoloration. Besides, they can also eradicate the pigmentation from the skin. Mix ingredients for making a paste with the desired consistency. Stick to the twice-a-week routine. Loaded Potato Skin Dip. Eggs and potatoes are great sources of protein and help tighten the skin and make it glow (17). All rights reserved. Nutritional Value and Health Benefits of Potatoes, Health Benefits and Cons of Solanum Tuberosum, Honey in Dermatology and Skin Care: a Review, Citrus limon (Lemon) PhenomenonA Review of the Chemistry, Pharmacological Properties, Applications in the Modern Pharmaceutical, Food, and Cosmetics Industries, and Biotechnological Studies, Effects of Golden tomato Extract on Skin AppearanceOutlook Into Gene Expression in Cultured Dermal Fibroblasts and on Trans-Epidermal Water Loss and Skin Barrier in Human Subjects, The Physical Properties of By-Product Proportion in Rice Flour-Based Facial Scrub, Bee Products in Dermatology and Skin Care, Formulation and Evaluation Of Cosmetic Herbal Face Pack for Glowing Skin, The 24-Hour Skin Hydration and Barrier Function Effects of a Hyaluronic 1% Glycerin 5% and Centella Asiatica Stem Cells Extract Moisturizing Fluid: an Intra-Subject Randomized Assessor-Blinded Study, Safety Assessment of Glycerin as Used in Cosmetics, A Pilot Study of the Photoprotective Effects of Strawberry-Based Cosmetic Formulations on Human Dermal Fibroblasts, Turmeric as Medicinal Plant for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris, Discovering the Link Between Nutrition and Skin Aging, Chicken Egg WhiteAdvancing from Food to Skin Health Therapy: Optimization of Hydrolysis Condition and Identification of Tyrosinase Inhibitor Peptides, Topical Probiotics in Dermatological Therapy and Skincare: A Concise Review. It turns out to be one of the best ways for applying for tightening the skin overnight. Therefore, you should always carry out a patch test of the new ingredient you wish to introduce to your skincare regime. However, avoid soaking potatoes longer than 12 hours since the potatoes will begin to lose their structure and flavor. Still, such claims havent been proven in any clinical settings. Ingredients: potatoes and apple cider vinegar instructions: blend together ingredients and pour into ice tray and put in the freezer until frozen. Peel the potato and cut it into circular pieces. but yeah it's safe. A mommy of a daughter, I took up the content writing as my full time job and I am loving it. Potato has always been well known for the remedial solution for the face. Do apply this face pack on a daily basis for the best results. Potatoes help to lighten the dark spots and scars from the face. It is commonly found in soaps and detergents, etc. Only after that can you introduce it to the skincare regimen. Read on to learn more. Tomato paste: Tomato paste is rich in lycopene that protects the skin from sun damage. Besides, within some time, you can see that it lighten the skin tone. 3 Turn off the stove and add 1 1/2 sticks of butter, an 8-ounce package of cream . Oatmeal also moisturizes the skin and tricks it into producing less sebumi XSticky and oily substance made of various fat molecules and squalene to protect and moisten the skin. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Place the tissue on your face (cover thoroughly), leaving gaps for the nostrils and the eyes. development and minimizing fine lines, thus making your skin look younger (14). Using the potato cream anytime during the day and especially living it overnight can work in the favorite toner or moisturizer. All you have to do is to just simply slice one raw potato into the slices. Bake until very soft, 50 to 60 minutes, depending on the size of the potatoes. You will have to take a Potato. It helps to exfoliate the dead skin cells and make the skin clean and clear. But how long do potatoes last at room temperature can change. This combination can help you get glowing skin overnight. Keep the rice in the water for fifteen or twenty minutes. Both egg and potato are rich sources of protein. Apply tomato juice on the skin for 20 minutes and then wash off with lukewarm water to lighten dark spots and skin complexion. Glycerine and warm milk can be the best solution for the reduction of the black spot and pigmentation. The Universal Book of Mathematics states the problem as such: Fred brings home 100 kg of potatoes, which (being purely mathematical potatoes) consist of 99% water (being purely mathematical water). Since tomato juice is highly acidic, it might dry out your skin. Apply the paste to your face and neck and leave it on for 15 to 20 minutes. Essential lemon oil can be good enough for showing advanced skin benefits. Leave it on for 15 minutes and then wash it off. Take the mixture, apply it all over the face. The pack is very beneficial for oily skin. Besides the loads of potassium, vitamins, and fiber that can keep the skin hydrated. Potato not only makes a good vegetable; it is also an amazing ingredient to take care of skin. And one average-sized, whole, baked potato (2-1/3"x 4-3/4" or about 1-1/3 cups, if measured) contains 926 milligrams of potassium with the skin or 610 milligrams of potassium without the skin. The chances are more due to the negative reactions that start binding protein in the potatoes referred to as patatin. Baking soda is a good solution because it can ensure a chemical reaction, thus reducing the dark spot and acne appearance. Method: Lemon juice and potato juice have skin lightening properties. The potatoes are well known for their richness in niacinamide and Lectin. Blend it well and apply it to your face and neck. Perhaps the leanest way to cook a potato is by baking it. DOI: 6. Like it is good enough for oily skin, the potato for dry skin can also give magical benefits. Then, seal the freezer bag or container. Before trying this face pack, make sure lemon suits your skin. wheezing and other breathing difficulties. Potato, on the other hand, helps to lighten skin color. The unusual but active natural ingredient ensures moisturizing and treating the face for the removal of hyperpigmentation. Check out the blog for the best potato face pack-. Dilute the lemon juice in case you have super sensitive skin as it might cause skin irritation. Eating potatoes can help you get some of the essential nutrients you need, including potassium and vitamin C. But can rubbing raw potatoes on your face offer any benefits? The potato on the face overnight solution is highly beneficial for giving you the glow from Inside Out. 2. Mash the carrots until they are smooth. If time allows leave your face for 2 minutes for a better result. This is apparently the best way to get rid of acne scab overnight. Schmidt MHH, et al. Kenny OM, et al. He worked as a consultant for Kaya Skin Clinic and also as a principal Investigator for 4Front Research. Swelling and redness signs can also find reduce with the application of the potato. Skincare blogs have always claimed the treatment of the dark spots possible due to the enzymes. Turmeric brightens your skin and has antibacterial properties that keep the infection-causing bacteria at bay (15). Potato and lemon juice is well known for the reduction of hyperpigmentation. But you need to dry the spuds well after the bath. Potato cream for the reduction of the acne scars and dark spots, Side effects of using the potato for face. Remove the potato skin from your cores or strips and rinse them quickly with water. What makes it better in combination with the potato is that it can help in the reduction of dark circles as well as pigmentation. Now add some water while putting the mixture on the medium flame. Keep reading! If you dont want to be vulnerable to allergies, its worth considering a patch test. For better results, you can apply it three times a week and also use it in the form of an overnight pack. Mix all such ingredients and apply it to the face. 3 The enzymes (catecholase) in this potato help to promote healthy skin by reducing the skin discoloration. The great combination for the skin ensures lightening the skin tone while giving it a perfect glow. Along with the causes of dark, Split nails are often caused by an injury such as a stubbed toe or receiving a severe blow to a finger or thumb. (9). Can eating potatoes improve the health of your skin? However, theres no clinical evidence to prove that catecholase in potatoes can lighten your skin. Rinse your face with cold water in the morning. De Swert LF, et al. Zit Zapper But, how do potatoes benefit your skin? 13 Easy DIY Tomato Face Masks For Clear An 13 Easy DIY Tomato Face Masks For Clear And Radiant Skin, How To Make A Lemon And Baking Soda Face Mask. Peel off the potato. This means they are based on user reviews and not clinical evidence. The process the sisters use is pretty simple: After washing, peeling, and thin-slicing the potatoes, they arrange them into masks over the irritated parts of . However, theres no evidence that potatoes possess any significant skin lightening capabilities. Apply it on the dark spots as well as the acne marks. For preparing the right potato mask overnight for getting radiant skin, just peel one potato and cut it into the smallest slices. In addition to working on the complexion and texture of your skin, the mixture helps address issues like pigmentation, clogged pores, and dark circles as well. Then, transfer them to a 425F oven and finish cooking for about 20 minutes, until cooked through. Mix all the ingredients to form a paste. We always remember potatoes in the form of French fries. It can help in preventing skin rashes, reducing acne blemishes, and nourishing the skin ( 10 ). Apply it on your face and let it dry for 15-20 minutes. Side effects of rubbing potatoes on your skin, Alternative home remedies for skin lightening and acne, fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/170032/nutrients, About Face: How to Handle Dry Skin Under Your Eyes. When you dont want to eat too many potatoes, you can use it in the form of the organic face mask recipe to reduce inflammation, redness, and scars. Normally my skin is very oily so the 180 in my skin's behavior was very surprising. Avocado Mask. 5 Benefits Of DIY Coffee Face Masks And Re 5 Benefits Of DIY Coffee Face Masks And Recipes. It helps to get rid of patchy skin, dark spots, and any other marks. This face pack helps to brighten up the skin, cleanse pores and also remove wrinkles from the face. Now the question is can you leave potato Juice on the fees overnight? The superior grade potato on face overnight pack, 5. And honey keeps your skin moisturized. Vitamin D 0%. Some studies have shown an increased risk of cooked potato allergy if you have pollen allergies, too. Potato Juice on face overnight pack proves to be a natural beauty treatment. Using the wrong type of . The raw juice ensures soothing the inflammation while preventing the pimples from occurring once again. Step 4: Then, wait for all heats away for about 30 - 40 minutes until it is cool. However, if you want this, you must ensure no visible mold on the potatoes when you open them up in the morning. For potato juice, peel the potato, grate it and then squeeze out the juice. We all know how effective turmeric is when it comes to clean, clear, and glowing skin. Then let it soak for at least 30 minutes, this will ensure the milk absorbs all the goodness from the saffron. However, home remedies could help, like apple cider vinegar and tea tree oil. How to prepare potato face packs? 2 It has starch content that reduces the pigmentation and enhances your natural glow. Potatoes are rich in antioxidants andbeta-carotenei XAn organic pigment that produces a dense red and orange pigment in plants, fruits, and fungi. of Coconut milk. Also, add one-fourth of tomato juice. Also, make sure that the potato juice isnt causing itchiness and rashes. Potato Juice Face Mask for Skin If you're looking for potato juice-containing face-masks for the skin, we've rounded up 7 of the most effective ones. chemical exfoliation using a glycolic acid cream will loosen the 'glue' holding the rough and thick skin together, and. To make this mask, peel a potato and then chop it up into small pieces, before blending it into a paste. The fantastic results that you get make sure of giving you good skin benefits. Almond oil nourishes the skin and helps to remove all fine lines. So, above are some simple and effective homemade potato face mask which helps to get rid of all acne, dark spots and aging spots and give you a clear looking healthy skin. Rich in vitamin A, C and B. However, instead of rinsing your face after the massage, leave it on to act overnight. Also, add one teaspoon glycerine. We all know that yogurt has anti-aging properties. Pat dry the skin and apply it twice daily until you get rid of the problem. Quick remedies and treatments to clear dark spots on your skin can be found in your home kitchen. These face packs can be applied once or twice a week to address various skin issues. It helps to remove pimple and acne marks. It can also be used as a part of homemade face mask and face scrub recipes that work well to tackle many issues such as acne, ageing, darkening, and more. Eating baked potatoes left out overnight is safe, but you should check them before eating. For better results follow this procedure before going to sleep and leave the potato juice onto your face overnight. Extract its juice in a bowl and add an equal quantity of fresh lemon juice to it. Is it a good idea to leave potato Juice on the face overnight? Besides, it can also help in lightening the skin tone. Research has also shown that this potato juice is an excellent choice for skin . It contains curcumin which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatoryi XA property of a substance that can inhibit inflammation-causing agents and help reduce redness, pain, and swelling. Now you will have to follow certain steps. It removes all the dark spots and impurities from the face and gives you clear-looking skin. Besides, also take one teaspoon tomato paste and one teaspoon curd. Besides, it can also keep your skin healthy, glowing, and free from wrinkles. Take 1 medium size potato and grate it. In case the skin is dry, also add one tablespoon of honey into the paste. The potatoes that are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants make them quite healthy. Seppala U, et al. Wash off with cold water to remove stubborn tan. To apply the raw potato on the face, you can just grate it for achieving glowing skin. You should certainly rinse the potatoes we prefer russets to remove any dirt and debris. Potato juice face masks for skin. Lemon juice, potato juice, aloe vera, turmeric powder, papaya, sour milk, honey and garlic juice can all help reduce black spots on face naturally. Wake up the next morning and rinse it off with water. How long do potatoes take to remove dark spots? Mix fuller's earth and potato pulp to make a fine paste. How good can the potato juice for the face be? Green tea. That said, the potato mask can work wonders for giving glowing skin when used at a constant frequency. Applying lemon juice and potato juice mix can help you with clear and brighter skin. With tomatoes and milk, potato ensures action on the fine lines. Mix 3 tablespoons of potato juice with 2 tablespoons of honey, and apply the concoction . Avocado is abundant in vitamins A and E, and omega-3 fatty acids. The symptoms sometimes stay Limited till the itchy and red skin. : Be consistent! Besides, it is also a great mask for dry skin. Mix both the ingredients well in a clean bowl. He then leaves them outside overnight so that they consist of . Dilute the lemon juice to avoid irritation. Peanut Butter Face Mask | Benefits of Peanut Cranberry Lip Scrub | How To Make Cranberry Seasoning Cast Iron with Coconut Oil | Is Coconut Oil Safe for Cast Iron, Wereke Benefits | Traditional Herbal Remedy, Ammonia Smell in Underwear | Underwear Smelling Odd, Is Shaving Your Pubic Hair a Good Idea? Besides, 1 tsp rosewater addition can form a great face mask. It also penetrates the epidermis to moisturize the skin from the inside. Dilute the lemon juice if you experience irritation. 3. Potatoes are loaded with vitamins C, B6, B1, and B3 and minerals like potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium, and dietary antioxidants that are beneficial for your health and your skin. After that, apply this mixture on your face with a clean brush or a cotton pad. 2. Both oatmeal and potato are great in absorbing extra sebum. You will have to mix one1 teaspoon of the potato juice with one-fourth teaspoon of the lemon juice. But its worth remembering about never stressing enough that every skin always reacts differently to the natural ingredients. Rather it can find use in several ways. Allow it to dry after applying it to your face and neck. Surely you have all heard about Epsom salt. 1-2 tablespoons of organic potato juice. The superior grade potato on face overnight pack. The acid in the potatoes turns out to be too harsh on the sensitive skin types. itchy, runny . Identification of patatin as a novel allergen for children with positive skin prick test responses to raw potato. Almonds, rose water & lemon juice. Does Washing Your Face with Rice Water Help Your Skin? There are claims that a potato face mask may reduce signs of aging, increase glow, and decrease the appearance of hyperpigmentation. Place the potatoes directly on the oven rack (alternatively, you can place them on a wire rack set in a rimmed baking sheet). Signs of a possible allergic reaction include: itchy, red skin. But, potatoes are the one ingredient that may just unite us when it comes to skin care. Potatoes can be mixed with lemon, tomatoes, rice flour, oatmeal, milk, strawberry, turmeric, egg white, cucumber, and yogurt. In the face of starvation, there have been accounts of large groups eating older potatoes with a higher concentration of the toxin. Let it dry for about 15 minutes and then wash it off. Using this potato mask on the face ensures giving you a glowing complexion in no time. How Long Do Baked Potatoes Last At Room Temperature? Fullers earth and potato have tan removal and skin lightening properties. Leaving potato Juice on face overnightcan do the magical who wonders. Apply this mask all over the face and leave overnight. Answer (1 of 4): Yes, potato juice may help you to provide a glow on your face. These help in brightening your skin and make it glow. In a microwave safe bowl, warm up the honey for 10-15 seconds and mix in with the carrot paste. Gently rub it for the cleansing. Blend it well and apply to your face and neck. It also helps nourish your surface. Apply all over your face. A well-known source of vitamin E, almonds are also useful in treating sunburns and fighting sun tan naturally. Step. This may also help prevent wrinkles on the face. TMB Studio. A protein produced by the body that plays an important role in the function and structure of bones, skin, cartilage, and connective tissue.